- Iron is vital, but excess is harmful.
- Excess iron is stored in the skin via ferritin.
- Ferritin binds up to 4,500 iron atoms.
- Iron lingers in skin for 60 days, far longer than skin's 26-day turnover.
- Iron buildup increases with age, leading to skin aging and photoaging.
- Excess iron can also cause age spots and uneven skin tone.
Picture description: 3D illustration of ferritin, an iron storage protein. Ferritin stores excess iron as a mineral and releases it when needed. Acting like a sponge, it can release iron under stress, triggering oxidant formation, premature aging, and photoaging. Excess iron buildup in ferritin also alters skin tone, resembling the rusting process.